Tag
Sensors tutorials
19 tutorials tagged Sensors.
Intermediate · 30 min
Homing With Endstops: Machine and Work Coordinates
Why every CNC machine drives into a switch on startup, and what the number it sets actually means.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 20 min read
Build a Line Follower Robot: Sensors to PID Steering
From IR reflectance sensors to a weighted error to smooth PID steering—how a line follower actually works.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 14 min read
Detecting Line Maze Junctions With an IR Array
Classify T, cross, left, right, dead end and finish from a reflectance array, and resolve the ambiguous cases.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 20 min
Read an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: Reliable Distance in Code
Turn ping-and-echo into a steady distance in cm—with a timeout and a median filter.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 20 min
Read an IR Reflectance Sensor Array for Line Following
Turn a row of IR sensors into a single, smooth line position you can steer on.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 17 min read
Sensor Noise, Bias, and Filtering in Robotics
Noise vs bias vs drift, choosing a filter without over-smoothing, and what sensor fusion can and cannot do.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 18 min
Servo-Scan an Ultrasonic Sensor to Find Open Space
Sweep an HC-SR04 on a servo to find the clearest direction before you turn.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 30 min
GPS Waypoint Navigation for an Outdoor Robot
A GPS fix is late, noisy and has no heading. Here is what to do about each of those.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 25 min
Bump Sensors and Debouncing for Robot Collisions
One press, nine transitions — and the interrupt counts every one of them.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 25 min
Stopping at an Edge: Latency and Braking Distance
How far a robot travels past the line it just saw, and the speed that makes it fit.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 30 min
Reading Analog Voltages: ADC References and Dividers
analogRead gives you a ratio, not a volt. Get the reference right and the divider follows.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 30 min
How the I2C Bus Works: Addresses and Pull-Up Resistors
Every sensor page says connect SDA and SCL. This is what those two wires are really doing.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 35 min
Lidar for Robots: What a Scan Gives You and How It Becomes a Map
A scan is not a snapshot: sampling gaps, motion smear, and the ray casting that turns range data into a map.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 1 hour
Complementary Filter: Fusing Accelerometer and Gyro Data
Fuse a noisy accelerometer with a drifting gyro into one trustworthy tilt angle, in a single line of code.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 45 minutes
Reading Tilt Angle From an MPU6050 Accelerometer and Gyro
Turn raw MPU6050 counts into a tilt angle in degrees, and learn why neither sensor works alone.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 1.5 hours
Wall Following and Precise Turns for a Maze Robot
Stay centred between walls, and turn exactly 90° — the two skills a maze robot lives or dies by.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 17 min read
Read Quadrature Encoders for Distance and Speed
Turn quadrature encoder pulses into reliable wheel direction, distance, and velocity measurements.
Read tutorial →Intermediate · 21 min read
SLAM, Mapping, Localization, and Odometry Drift
Connect odometry, range sensing, mapping, localization, scan matching, drift, and loop closure.
Read tutorial →Beginner · 18 min read
Ultrasonic vs Time-of-Flight Robot Sensors
Choose, mount, calibrate, and test ultrasonic or time-of-flight sensors for obstacle detection.
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